The Madhesh Agricultural University (MAU) was established on December 13, 2021 (27 Mansir 2078 BS) in Rajbiraj, Saptari, Madhesh Province, Nepal. The Madhesh Province Parliament established the Madhesh Agricultural University Act 2079 (Province Agricultural University Ordinance 2078), making it the province's first autonomous agricultural university.

The university conducts basic science research to generate knowledge and develop skilled human resources through agricultural education. The Madhesh Agricultural University is a leading institute for agricultural education, research, and extension.